Related Content Basil II He could turn out to be really mediocre, like Henry VI and Edward II of England. Both in near-contemporary history and in manuscript illustrations, Basil II is pictured as a short, well-proportioned figure, with brilliant light-blue eyes, a round face, and full, bushy whiskers, which he would twirl in his fingers when angry or while giving an audience. It was not a happy marriage, and Theophano conspired to murder her husband in his bed in December 969 CE. Basil then divided the men into groups of 100, blinded 99 men and left … The Statue Of Ramesses II 2057 Words | 9 Pages. Die Überlieferung der lateinischen Basiliusregel.3 Second, there is the study of the Syriac translation of the Small Asketikon, ... St Peter II of Sebasteia, was a monastic father in his own right Everywhere the might of Roman arms was respected and feared. Paul Stephenson reveals that the legend of the "Bulgar-slayer" was actually created long after his death. When did Basil II die? These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline with World History.Quickly See Over 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together. Army defeated in part one of thrilling two part battle. On the latter’s death (976) the powerful great-uncle of Basil II, the eunuch Basil the chamberlain, took control. Basil II enlisted Venetian help in protecting the Dalmatian coast and Adriatic waters from Bulgarian aggression. Basil prevailed, despite some initial defeats to Skleros in Asia Minor, and was greatly helped by his namesake chief administrator, the gifted eunuch Basil Lecapenus, the parakoimomenos (emperor’s chamberlain). The Empress Theophano, wife of Romanos, acted as their regent and married the general Nikephoros Phokas, who became Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas. Byzantine Empire or the East Roman Empire from Constantine the Great... Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Basil II (Greek: Βασίλειος Β΄, Basileios II; 958 – December 15, 1025) was a Byzantine Emperor from the Macedonian dynasty who reigned from January 10, 976 to December 15, 1025. The Eastern Orthodox Church considers him a saint and one of the Three Holy Hierarchs, together with Gregory Nazianzus and John Chrysostom. On the other hand, Basil II was biologically related to Constantine VIII, … Ancient History Encyclopedia. After some limited resistance led by Samuel’s sons, ultimately, the Bulgar lands were incorporated into the blossoming Byzantine Empire, and Basil marched victorious into Serdica in 1018 CE. Basil II (aka Basilius II) was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 976 to 1025 CE. Eventually, Basil II asserted his claim to sole authority by ruthlessly eliminating the dominating grand chamberlain, who was exiled in 985. Basil the Great, was the son of a Christian of good birth and his wife, Macrina (Acta SS., January, II), both of whom suffered for the faith during the persecution of Maximinus Galerius (305-314), spending several years of hardship in the wild mountains of Pontus. He knew only too well the danger of any relaxation. Died 1025. He ascended the throne when he was 18-years-old and died 49 years later. Basil II (Greek: Βασίλειος Β΄, Basileios II; 958 – 15 December 1025) was a Byzantine Emperor from theMacedonian dynasty who reigned from 10 January 976 to 15 December 1025.He was known in his time as Basil the Porphyrogenitus and Basil the Young to distinguish him from his supposed ancestor, Basil I the Macedonian. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. I decided to find out the fate of Roman/Byzantine Emperors. The Durrells arrived in 1935 and remained in Corfu until 1939, when the outbreak of World War II forced most of the family to … ;II. The emperor, remembering his defeat to Samuel, carried the Byzantine tradition of mutilating the enemy to the extreme and blinded his captives, sending them back to their leader in groups of 100, each led by a one-eyed guide. The Funeral Mass of HE Cardinal George Basil Hume OBE which took place on 25th June 1999 at Westminster Cathedral and was broadcast live. Currently, it rests in the Mummies Gallery in the Egyptian section of the Penn Museum. In July 1014, the Byzantines under Emperor Basil II defeated Tsar Samuel’s Bulgarians at Kleidion. St. Basil the Elder, father of St. He received a thorough education at Nicomedia in Bithynia, northwest Asia Minor, possibly under the tutorship of the famed rhetorician from Antioch, Libanius (d. c. 393 CE) who was, curiously enough, a staunch defender of paganism. He did not at first display the full extent of his energy. 1. He became known as the Bulgar-Slayer (Bulgaroktonos) for his exploits in conquering ancient Bulgaria, sweet revenge for his infamous defeat at Trajan’s Gate. In warfare, too, Basil’s campaigns, for all their success, were resolute rather than dashing, but his adroit skills of empire management would earn him respect from his people and fear from his enemies. Written by Mark Cartwright, published on 09 November 2017 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Basil was certainly a pious man and was known to carry a statue of the Virgin in battle. Veteran Fought In World War II, Korea And Vietnam Command Sergeant Major Basil Plumley, who served in three wars, has died at the age of 92. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. Basil kept on campaigning to the end, with more successful adventures in Georgian Iberia and Armenia in 1021-22 CE, where he captured Vaspurkan. (c.958-1025), known as Bulgaroktonos (slayer of Bulgarians), Roman emperor in the East, son of Romanus II. Basil I, called the Macedonian (Greek: Βασίλειος ὁ Μακεδών, Basíleios ō Makedṓn; 811 – August 29, 886), was a Byzantine Emperor who reigned from 867 to 886. With a tight hold on Byzantine purse strings and a private army of giant Vikings, Basil got the better of at least two significant usurpers for his throne, reconquered Greece and all of the Balkans, won victories in Syria and doubled the size of the empire. After their father's death (963) he and his younger brother Constantine were There is a signficant number of Emperors who died in mysterious circumstances or whos fate is not known, so its entirely possible this list is not complete or totally accurate. Web. Basil himself led a victory in northern Syria in 995 CE when his army had arrived in super-quick time out of nowhere because Basil had issued each man with two mules, one for himself and one for his baggage. Both these groups were expanding their landed interests at the expense of the poorer peasantry, either by purchase or conquest. Basil II blinded them and sent them back to Tsar Samuel, who was struck senseless and died two days later (on 6 October 1014). He shunned fine living and was not much interested in literature; in many ways, he lived the life of an austere monk. It is a magical beast that is bred by Dark Wizards. License. The family of Michael III were Anatolians … Basil was the son of Emperor Romanos II and Empress Theophano, whose maternal family was of Laconian Greek origin from the Peloponnesian region of Laconia, possibly from the city of Sparta. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Cite This Work Basil II (aka Basilius II) was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 976 to 1025 CE. Byzantine emperor and conqueror. The romance between Prince Philip of Greece and Princess Elizabeth sprang out of a summer encounter on the tennis courts in Devon in 1939 Basil Rathbone … The emperor should have been buried in a splendid sarcophagus waiting for him alongside his predecessors in the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople, but Basil preferred a more simple tomb in a smaller church outside the city. His approach to warfare is here described by the historian J. J. Norwich: Success for Basil depended on faultless organisation. Basil Manly Parks II, named for his father’s eldest brother, Colonel Basil Manly Parks, was born at Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, DC, on 28 December 1939. Cardinal Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster since February, 1976, who has died aged 76, was the first Benedictine monk to hold this post since the restoration of … Heroics were punished with instant dismissal. When battle began, he forbade any soldier to break ranks. Basil’s immediate problem on gaining the throne was to quash a rebellion led by the aristocrat Bardas Skleros, a general who was keen to continue in the privileged position he had enjoyed under previous emperors. Page 19 of 50 - About 500 essays. Ivan III was the first Muscovite ruler to use the titles of tsar and "Ruler of all Rus'." He is, however, best known for his persistent and ultimately successful campaigns against a revived Bulgarian kingdom under its tsar Samuel. Asian rebellions and alliance with Rus' Basil was a brave soldier and a superb horseman; he was to prove himself a strong ruler and an able general. He showed no obvious interest in learning, but he did apparently commission works of religious art, and he had churches and monasteries rebuilt or completed in Boeotia and in Athens, though this may be accounted for by conventional piety. In the late 19th century, the Seated Statue of Ramesses II was uncovered in the Temple of Harsaphes, Heracleopolis, by Sir William Flinders Petrie (Horne 1985, 22). Bardas Phokas even declared himself emperor in 987 CE. The consequences of the defeat at Trajan’s Gate were the further expansion of Samuel’s kingdom into Byzantine lands and the encouragement of two rebellions back home led by Bardas Skleros and Bardas Phokas (him again) respectively. A great, great-grandfather, the Rev. Thus, in spite of his costly wars, Basil left a full treasury, some of it stored in specially constructed underground chambers. The once-great empire’s fortunes would wain, with none more tangible and symbolic an indicator than the ever-dwindling gold content of Byzantine coins. He attempted to establish a Greek pope in Rome and to unite in marriage the German (though by birth half Byzantine) ruler Otto III with Basil II’s favourite niece, Zoe. His territories stretched even into Mesopotamia and were consolidated by dividing the conquered regions into new provinces of the empire. 330–January 1, 379), also called Basil the Great, was bishop of Caesarea, a leading churchman in the 4th century. What are the 8 Achievements of Basil II? There WAS a lack of the razzmatazz that one would expect from an emperor - no lavish parties, fine robes or flashy rings. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. I also create an icon artefact of Basil II to lead my army icons. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Basil II (or basil Phorphyrogenitus or basil the Younger reigned from 976 to 1025. Basil, Saint, Bishop of Caesarea, approximately 329–379. His indomitable and forceful personality and his shrewd statesmanship were offset by the inherent weakness of an imperial autocracy that depended so much on the character of the ruler. However, he never found the time to … The emperor was now ready to concentrate all his efforts on ruling alone and magnificently, not even marriage or family were allowed to distract him. The army must act as a single, perfectly coordinated body. Basil II was 18 years old when John I died in 976. The empire was at the height of its power. I stayed alert throughout my life and protected the children of the New Rome, valiantly campaigning both in the West and at the outposts of the East…O, man, seeing now my tomb here, reward me for my campaigns with your prayers. Basil the eunuch was exiled in 985 CE. Basil proved more generous with his new subjects than their army. John I Tzimiskes continued to act as guardian for the two young emperors and embarked on a series of successful campaigns in the Middle East. Create icon artefacts of … By aggression and by diplomacy he secured land from Georgia and from Armenia, with the promise of more to come on the death of the Armenian ruler. Basil II died on 1025-12-15. This colossus of Byzantine history is the subject of a biography in the Chronographia of the 11th-century CE Byzantine historian Michael Psellos. Basil II reigned for a long time, from 976 to 1025. In 1014 CE Basil finally won a great and decisive victory against the Bulgars at, appropriately enough, another mountain pass, this time at Kleidion in the Belasica Mountains. Last modified November 09, 2017. Basil died on the hunting field. There were other matters to attend to besides Samuel the Bulgar. He would die in 578. https://www.ancient.eu/Basil_II/. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Basil_II/. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Basil-II, Loyola University Chicago - Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors - Biography of Basil II. Gradually, the Muscovite ruler emerged as a powerful, autocratic ruler, a tsar. Death. When did Basil II die? What was the state of the Byzantine Empire at the time of Basil II's death? The long reign of the Byzantine emperor Basil II (976-1025) has been considered a "golden age", in which his greatest achievement was the annexation of Bulgaria after a long and bloody war. Basil’s first and worst military expedition was in August 986 CE when he suffered a resounding loss to the forces of Samuel of Bulgaria (r. 976-1014 CE) in a narrow Bulgarian mountain pass known as Trajan’s Gate. Unfortunately, Basil’s successors would squander their inheritance within a generation or two. Basil, Gregory Nazianzus, and Basil's brother Gregory of Nyssa are called the Cappadocian Fathers. With all of his conquests, in Greece, the Balkans, Syria, Mesopotamia, Italy, and Bulgaria, he doubled the size of the Byzantine Empire. Byzantine Empire, 1025 CEby Necropotame (CC BY-SA). (c. 958-1025), known as Bilgaroktonos (slayer of Bulgarians), Roman emperor in the East, son of Romanus II. Basil’s near-50-year reign had ensured the Byzantine Empire was at its very zenith, as the historian E. R. A. Sewter here explains in his introduction to his translation of the emperor’s biography by Psellus: Basil had devoted all his energies to the business of ruling; he had never married, spent most of his time on or near the frontiers, developed a war-machine of terrifying efficiency, coveted autocracy, but despised its outward symbols. Alexander and Basil II probably weren't biologically related -- Alexander was a genuine son of Basil I, but Basil II's great grandfather, Leo the Wise, was probably a biological son of Michael III. Everyone was fleeing, and some people did get bombed, lots of boats were sunk.” Larry had a wife, Nancy, and one-year-old child Penelope, not portrayed in the series. But my love of this icon does not secure my victory. Basil II ruled with his brother Konstantin VIII (who practically did not interfere in the affairs of the state administration). (211). The new tax plan, known as the allelengyon, met with robust opposition, was not successful and was abandoned by Romanos III in 1028 CE. Both related to emperors, they belonged to powerful landed families and commanded outside support from Georgia and from the Caliph in Baghdad. The by-product of this policy was the imperial protection of the small farmers, some of whom owed military service to the crown and paid taxes to the central exchequer. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Basil was born c. 330 CE into an aristocratic family who had a large estate at Ibora on the Pontic-Cappadocian border. He planned an expedition to reconquer Sicily and expand Byzantine authority in Italy; but before he could undertake this campaign, Basil suddenly took ill and died on Dec. 15, 1025. Basil, fortunately, could call on the help of Vladimir I of Kiev (r. 980-1015 CE), whose force of 6,000 Vikings bolstered his naval force and assured that the emperor restored order by 989 CE. I bought this book thinking it might be a history of Basil II's reign. Emeritus Professor of History, Royal Holloway College, University of London. He dressed plainly and even when wearing the purple chose only a dark hue. Basil II then had to foil another coup, this time involving his disloyal and corrupt chamberlain, which attempted to make Bardas Phokas, an aristocratic clan leader, emperor. In the early morning hours of July 17, 1918, Czar Nicholas II—the last monarch of the Romanov dynasty, which ruled Russia for 304 years—was reportedly executed Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Basil Stag Hare was a Mossflower Woods resident and an expert in camouflage. He died in 1,025 AD. anon58261 December 31, 2009 . This was not apparent at the beginning of his long reign. Basil II, byname Basil Bulgaroctonus (Greek: Basil, Slayer of the Bulgars), (born 957/958—died Dec. 15, 1025), Byzantine emperor (976–1025), who extended imperial rule in the Balkans (notably Bulgaria), Mesopotamia, Georgia, and Armenia and increased his domestic authority by attacking the powerful landed interests of the military aristocracy and of the church. Though the western half of the Roman … The Byzantine position in southern Italy was strengthened with the help of the Lombard duchy of Benevento, and the campaigns of Nicephorus Phocas the Elder did much to consolidate this. How did Samuil die? There was a price for the assistance from Kiev, and it came in the form of Basil promising that his sister Anna would marry Vladimir, on condition that the latter agreed to be baptised. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Thus the revived Bulgarian kingdom was incorporated into the Byzantine Empire. The son of a resident at St Basil's Homes for the Aged describes the "extremely awful" situation of being told his father was safe and in his room when in reality he was in hospital with days to live. The Basilisk is a giant serpent, also known as the King of Serpents. 15 Jan 2021. The emperor’s army of 60,000 had already suffered an ignominious episode in their failed siege of the Bulgar capital Serdica (Sofia) but now it was wiped out, the colours lost, and Basil forced to flee back to Constantinople. Basil II. Basil II then turned westward. Basil II. It was in Athens that Basil rep… R uler of the Byzantine Empire from 976 to 1025, a time when the power of the Muslim caliphate had faded and the Seljuk Turks had not yet made their impact, Basil II brought his realm to its greatest height since the time of Justinian (see entry). Before these plans could come to fruition, though, Basil died on the 13th or 15th of December 1025 CE. Samuel was said to have died of a shock-induced stroke shortly after receiving this ominous sign of Basil’s pitiless wrath. He had almost doubled the empire which now "stretched from Crete to the Crimea, and from the Straits of Messina and the River Danube to the Araxes, Euphrates, and Orontes rivers" (Mango, 80) or, to put it another way, Byzantium was now "a superpower on two continents" (ibid, 176). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Well, it did provide some information about that period. how did they do this if they didn't go to school?? The 11th-century historian Psellus wrote of his dynasty as “more blessed by God than any other family known to me, though rooted in murder and bloodshed.” But Macedonian historians were understandably biased in favour of the existing … Basil could withstand the reduction in a wider military force because of his elite troops loaned to him by allied states and, rather cleverly, he used the new tax revenue to pay a new army more loyal to his own interests. Monasticism, that is individuals devoting themselves to an ascetic... Pilgrimage in the Byzantine Empire involved the Christian faithful... Trade and commerce were essential components of the success and... Fourteen Byzantine Rulers: The Chronographia of Michael Psellus. In 985, he removed from power eunuch Basil Lekapenos, who was the first minister with several previous emperors. These qualities, along with his dour nature, abruptness, and quick temper, combined with a complete lack of trust in anyone, unsurprisingly, did not foster much love and admiration from his subjects. … Books Ancient History Encyclopedia. BASIL II. This ruler centred his activities in Macedonia and established his hegemony in the west Balkans. Basil (ca. Over 15,000 of the enemy army were captured. (12). Basil routed the Bulgarian army at the Battle of Kleidion and took 15,000 prisoners. blinded one of their eyes. A bachelor, Basil left the throne to his younger brother, Constantine VIII, during whose reign (1025-1028) began the rapid erosion of the strength Basil had built up. My love of Basil II makes his part 2 fight with the duo a long and thrilling fight. The general John Tzimiskes then made himself emperor and banished Theophano to a monastery in the same year. If the marriage between Otto III and Zoe was scheduled for 1002, that would have been 23 years before Basil II (988-1025) did die age 67, and 26 years before Constantine XVIII (960-1028) did die age 68. Basil (II) died 7/4/1849 ae 81 yrs stone photo b Maryland Christening: 31 DEC 1768 Queen Anne Parish, Prince George County, Maryland Son of Basil (I) and Anna SMITH Burgess Basil II purchased lot 15 in Ripley in 1809 HIS and the names of Westfield's first settlers … had a stroke when the Bulgars lost the war. His first military expedition (in 986) against Samuel of Bulgaria, ended in total defeat at a narrow pass called Trajan's Gate. Basil II then looked further west and planned to strengthen Byzantine control in southern Italy and to regain Sicily from the Arabs. Another strategy to further centralise power was to permit payment instead of military service in the provinces, greatly reducing the manpower of local leaders. This guy: Mehmed II the Conqueror in 29 May 1453. His niece Zoe could have been married when she was still of child bearing age. Well-known for his appetite, he became a close ally of Matthias and later relocated to Redwall Abbey.. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 1,100 years. At his death in 1025, there were no serious external threats on the horizon. Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, celebrate 73 (!!) The lot of ordinary folk in Constantinople must have been pleasant enough. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. The young Basil was not a particularly fine physical specimen, although he was skilful at riding a horse. When he was only five years old his father died, so first Nikephoros II, and then the usurper John I, took the throne before he finally came to power in 976 AD. With Basil having no children, the title of emperor resorted back to his brother Constantine, who ruled as Constantine VIII from 1025 to 1028 CE, and his daughters Zoe and Theodora. On his death there was no able military aristocrat or other leader to take the situation in hand, and thus Basil II’s work was rapidly undone. Basil II, called "Bulgar-Slayer" (Bulgaroktonos), he reigned from 976-1025 as the greatest of the Macedonian emperors. anon56537 December 15, 2009 . Born 957. After a prolonged struggle both were defeated by 989, though only with the help of Russians under Vladimir of Kiev, who was rewarded with the hand of Basil II’s sister Anna on condition that the Kievan state adopted Christianity. His men complained about their master’s endless inspections; but they gave him their trust because they knew that he never undertook an operation until he was certain of victory. He succeeded John I Tzimiskes. 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Written by Mark cartwright, published on 09 November 2017 under the following license Creative! Attend to besides Samuel the Bulgar serious external threats on the Bulgars the...