��L��z�������n��s NWP��y��0�E�{�N��������"�Z.h��1Φ0�dc�t� ���V=�@姰��!���.�N,n�H4$&�{��+����.�k_�}����aU�jz�ҭ-�/����. Conservation of Biodiversity: The convention on Biological Diversity held in June, 1992 stressed the need of the conservation of Biodiversity for sustainable development and perpetuation of human beings on earth. About Blog Research, Conservation, Education from Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. In this method, the natural ecosystem is maintained and protected. Birds . V��@Y�O.�����:���SLQ`U ��wts)�ߕ=�V���-gh��d��>��.���F�-�O��$6�+Y�g��%�d���7��y ��ԕ� Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Conservation can broadly be divided into two types: 1. The sex of sea turtles, like other reptiles, depends on the temperature in the nest. Wildlife conservation is the preservation, protection, and restoration of the endangered species. Reptiles and amphibians which have been well-fixed and allowed to harden in the positions indicated in Figs. Conservation of Biodiversity: Biodiversity is being depleted by the loss of habitat, fragmentation of habitat, over exploitation of resources, human sponsored ecosystems, climatic changes, pollution invasive exotic spices, diseases, shifting cultivation, poaching of wild life etc. 4.9 CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY: IN-SITU AND EX-SITU 104 4.9.1 In-situ conservation 104 4.9.2 Ex-situ conservation 108. 1175. Reptiles form an important part of ecosystem. The mark of a good holiday Best Practice From a conservation and animal welfare perspective Fair Trade Tourism considers the following best practice: Genuine wildlife sanctuaries - where un-releasable animals live out their lives, there is no breeding or trading, or human-animal contact. In situ conservation. India also houses some of the world’s most bio diverse regions. The mugger (marsh crocodile) is in danger partially due to over hunting. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. In honour of Reptile Awareness Week we have unearthed 10 of what we think are the most interesting facts about our Reptile friends: It’s estimated that there are more than 10,000 species of Reptile on the planet, and they can be found on every continent except Antarctica. �mHf���;��-��= endobj /PageMode /UseNone We have many rare animals, birds on earth. Early 18 th Century: Two schools of thought dominated the growing scientific study of ecology. 82 Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses 4.1 INTRODUCTION The great variety of life on earth has provided for man’s needs over thousands of years. Amphibians are known to live dual lives, as they spend their half-life in water and remaining half on land, these also have porous skin which requires moisture.While Reptiles are the group of animals that live on land, breathe through lungs and lay eggs, they have scales on their body and function to retain moisture. Sea turtles don’t have a favorite food (though most will eat jellyfish.) Reptiles and amphibians. Before 1972, India had only five designated national parks.Among other reforms, the Act established schedules of protected plant and animal species; hunting or harvesting these species was largely outlawed. Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity involves the breeding and maintenance of endangered species in artificial ecosystems such as zoos, nurseries, botanical gardens, gene banks, etc. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. They are recognised internationally and within New Zealand as species in need of active cons… About Blog Research, Conservation, Education from Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 5. Conservation of plants include; storage of seeds, conservation of pollen, artificial propagation of plants along with reintroduction into the wild, and storing plant shoots in situation of suspended development (in vitro conservation). Fishes. 2 0 obj The Government of Pakistan prepared the National Conservation Strategy (NCS) in 1992, with biodiversity conservation as an essential component. Soil and Water Conservation or Fish and Wildlife Management merit badge. reptiles. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms and habitats found in a defined area. >> 29 WL-729 Biology and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles 3 (2-2) 30 WL-730 Captive Breeding and Assisted Reproduction in Wildlife 3 (2-2) 31 WL-731 Wildlife Farming and Ranching 3 (3-0) 32 WL-732 Wildlife Data Analysis 3(1-4) Page 3 of 20 Course Contents and Recommended Books for M.Sc., M. However, many new species are being identified, especially in the flowering plants and insects. As with other groups, these are a blend of Palaearctic, Indo-Malayan and Ethiopian forms. Reptiles and amphibians which have been well-fixed and allowed to harden in the positions indicated in Figs. conservation definition: 1. the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures…. 2. It is important to protect the endangered … Follow to keep up with latest updates related to Herpetology. The fossil marine reptiles Colonization of the sea by the reptiles … /Type /Catalog 7 talking about this. The Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for protection of plants and animal species. Ex-situ conservation . 2. Wildlife represents all the wild animals and birds living in their natural habitats. Reptiles aren’t only of conservation concern themselves; they can cause declines of other species when introduced to new locations or under certain circumstances. Understanding the interactions of reptiles with other species is an important component of improving management for rare or listed species. Yet every year, more plants and animals are added to Ontario’s list of species at risk, which now numbers more than 200. It gives people a driving force to want to help in conservation efforts, which will unquestionably lead to a better future for planet earth. Following methods were used for the observations. %PDF-1.4 %���� 3.8% of all evaluated reptile species are listed as critically endangered. The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by E.O. Skin of certain reptilian species is also used commercially for making different valuable items. Ex-situ conservation has the following advantages: The animals are provided with a longer time and breeding activity. 1130188, Scotland no.SC044097). >> Of these, 13 species are believed to be endemic. endobj Follow to keep up with latest updates related to Herpetology. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Understanding the interactions of reptiles with other species is an important component of improving management for rare or listed species. Out of the 19% of reptiles threatened with extinction, 12% classified as Critically Endangered, 41% Endangered and 47% Vulnerable. Biodiversity and conservation 1. Predation records include reptiles and amphibians eating or being eating by other animals. 6,500 of other invertebrates, 2,000 offish, 140 of amphibians, 420 of reptiles, 1,200 of birds and 340 of mammals are recorded from India. Our ancient bond to wild animals. Reptiles 2. 580. And finally it describes the three present groups of marine reptiles and their relevant biological features. Pakistan is home to an estimated 174 species of mammals, 177 species of reptiles and 668 species of birds. This richness in biological diversity is due to immense variety of climatic and altitudinal conditions coupled with varied ecological habitats. BIODIVERSTIY CONSERVATION IN PAKISTAN : AN OVERVIEW, Muhammad Ajmal Director (Industries & Ozone) Ministry of Environment, Urban Affairs, Forestry and Wildlife C/O Pakistan National, Commission for UNESCO. The HAA is dedicated to the study and conservation of African reptiles and amphibians Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. /OutputIntents [100 0 R] Reptile conservation: the next steps. Wilson in 1985. Historically, wildlife has played a huge part in the day to day life of many cultures. 4. 1 0 obj In-situ conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of species within their natural habitat. 40. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Out of these, about 50 species of mammals and 27 … Reptiles 1. Rhodin i , See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. This is an index to the amphibians found in India.The amphibians of India show a high level of endemism. Reptiles aren’t only of conservation concern themselves; they can cause declines of other species when introduced to new locations or under certain circumstances. /Font <> So the essential difference lies in their life cycle and physical appearances. The fossil marine reptiles Colonization of the sea by the reptiles … COUNTRY REPORT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN PAKISTAN, Ejaz Ahmad Conservation Director, World Wide Fund For Nature - Pakistan. India is among the world’s 15 nations that are excep- That temperature is generally around 82 degrees F (29 degrees C) though that can vary by species and location. This list is based largely on Frost (2006) and includes common names from older books and journals. The wildlife of Pakistan comprises a diverse flora and fauna in a wide range of habitats from sea level to high elevation areas in the mountains, including 177 mammal and 660 bird species. Reptiles First truly terrestrial vertebrates ~7000 species worldwide ~300 species in U.S. and Canada 3. 2 C-D, 3 A-B and 4 A have many advantages over those which have been left to harden in the posture in which they died. <> So the essential difference lies in their life cycle and physical appearances. So, it goes without saying that the country needs major conservation measures. There are about 4,000 types of mammals in animals kingdom. It comprises almost 12.6% of birds, 7.6% of mammals, 6.2% of reptiles, and 6.0% of flowering plant species on earth. Then it explains the adaptations that helped the reptiles colonize the marine environment. 22nd July 2017. Tuatara are therefore of huge international interest to biologists. Calcareous grasslands, for example, host an extraordinarily rich plant and insect diversity including pollinators, as well as reptiles, birds, fungi, and much more. Of these, 13 species are believed to be endemic. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist. And finally it describes the three present groups of marine reptiles and their relevant biological features. Among these, more than 50,000 species of insects, 4,000 of molluscs. Through the conservation of biodiversity and the survival of many species and habitats which are threatened due to human activities can be ensured. <> Then it explains the adaptations that helped the reptiles colonize the marine environment. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management. Ex situ conservation. It is generally accepted that this lower capacity is related to differences in the circulatory and respiratory systems. This is an index to the amphibians found in India.The amphibians of India show a high level of endemism. The conservation status of the world’s reptiles Monika Böhm a, ⇑ , Ben Collen a , Jonathan E.M. Baillie b , Philip Bowles c , Janice Chanson d,e , Neil Cox c,d , Geoffrey Hammerson f , Michael Hoffmann g , Suzanne R. Livingstone h , Mala Ram a , Anders G.J. endobj <> <> On conviction, the penalty for hunting is imprisonment for a period ranging from a minimum of three to a maximum of seven years with fines not less than 10,000 rupees. Secretary of State’s Standards of Modern Zoo Practice 3 care should be taken that one species cannot injure another. reptiles. However, comparison of different editions of the Golden Guide does show increasing sensitivity to U.S. reptile conservation … <> “This is a very important step towards assessing the conservation status of reptiles globally,” says Philip Bowles, Coordinator of the Snake and Lizard Red List Authority of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. They are used as a source of protein in different parts of the world. The objective of this group is to collect predation records of reptiles and frogs from sub-Saharan Africa as part of an on-going collaborative research project. 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