Burning wood produces environmental impacts. In attempting to assess the environmental impact of wood energy provision and consumption, it was also necessary to consider the environmental impacts related to the provision and consumption of alternate forms of energy. Environmental aspects of wood energy use are diverse. We combine our strong knowledge of the area, global expertise across the entire asset life cycle and experience required to operate successfully in the harsh and complex environment of the world’s largest land-locked body of water. © John Wood Group PLC 2020 Registered in Scotland No: SC36219 Registered office: 15 Justice Mill Lane Aberdeen, AB11 6EQ Scotland, UK, Environmental studies, permitting and compliance, Engineering, design and project management, Mineral resources and project assessments, Subsea, umbilical, riser and flowline (SURF), Planning clean, sustainable solutions for drinking water impacted by PFAS, Protecting public health through innovative groundwater treatment, Confronting the PFAS challenge: unlocking a resilient strategy, Future workplace: rethinking industrial hygiene to keep employees safe, Future workplace: meet the heroes of industrial hygiene, Water innovation: intelligent asset management for our future, Water innovation: one week to drive down carbon, Mining towards 2050: minerals and metals for a sustainable world, Mining towards 2050: current market outlook, Future mobility: exploring the new normal, Future mobility: the changing demands of public transport, Webinar-Effective-process-training-Efficient-operations_Wood-webinar-page-350x350a.jpg, Environmental impact studies and assessments, Aquatic, terrestrial and airborne ecology, Environmental, health, and safety (EHS) compliance audits, Stakeholder facilitation and public engagement, 80+ deep-sea drilling operations depend on our met-ocean monitoring support for the safety of their operations, Obtaining the first-ever consent from an indigenous group in a remote Peruvian village to allow studies on their land, Advising governments across four continents on water scarcity planning. Your information will never be sold or shared. The annual "roundwood" (officially counted wood not used as firewood) harvested is 1.5 billion cubic meters (1998). For our clients who want the finest in breathtaking natural hardwood floors without putting our precious environment at risk, we thank you. But just saying I don't use much ain't much of a defense. One could say that over the time horizon of millions of years it took the oil to form to when it was ultimately burned, that too is carbon neutral! For a much more scientific and detailed analysis of hundreds of materials commonly used in construction and elsewhere, check out this paper. By supporting and utilizing this resourceful system, you are aiding the effort in revitalizing this natural and precious wood; giving it new life in the best way possible. 40% of all productive woodland is harvested each year in Canada. We combine our strong knowledge of the area, global expertise across the entire asset life cycle and experience required to operate successfully in the harsh and complex environment of the world’s largest land-locked body of water. Is there a particular environmental concern you have with forestry management, or consuming wood products? Our culture supports us to perform better and look for opportunities to move our business forward. > Responsible wood heating should be defended from criticism that it is bad for the environment. You can unsubscribe at any time. You may have heard wood referred to as a "renewable" or "carbon neutral" resource - how is this so, if burning it releases CO2 into the air? For this reason, it seems parts of China - including Tibet - have outlawed wood stoves, and the U.S. EPA has similarly banned inefficient wood burning stoves a few years back. The harvest of wood and production I-joists is better for the environment than the mining and production of other materials. Translating that to my business - I purchase wood by the "board foot", which is one square foot of lumber 1" thick, or one twelfth of a cubic foot. Paraphrased for brevity: Friend#1: "You put up solar panels, yet you cut down trees...", Friend#2: "Most people don't know where the 'material' of trees comes from...". So you could make 150 of them from a cubic meter of wood - or in 1998, if I had cornered the wood market, I could have made 225 billion of these lamps, enough for every person on the planet to have about 30! Wood is better for the environment in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, air and water pollution, and other impacts. One of the most misleading common assumptions from the wood industry is to take a credit in their LCAs based on waste-to-energy incineration of wood. We reduce your risk, liabilities and costs, and we look for opportunities to enhance both environmental quality and your bottom line. Wood is a focused supplier of consultancy, engineering and project services to the world’s O&G, mining, clean energy, water and environmental sectors. That's one reason why I'm happy to say that my workshop (and my vehicle) is powered by solar energy; while that's just a small piece of the overall ecosystem, that also reduces the environmental footprint of what I sell. Our teams of scientists, engineers and regulatory specialists maximise your operational flexibility throughout the permitting process and maximise performance improvements while helping to assure your asset complies with applicable standards and regulations. And if you didn't burn it, as the tree decomposed over time in your backyard or in a landfill or as mulch, it would release the same CO2 back into the atmosphere. All of these will be topics I cover in future posts. Residential, Commercial & Industrial Indoor Air Quality Assessments, Testing and Recommendations We have maintained a presence in the region for over 7 decades; helping design, build, operate, maintain, and modify some of the world’s largest and complex facilities. This post is motivated by a number of conversations that have made me think about the potential contradiction in my environmentalist tendencies and my using wood as my primary medium. Before selecting a type of wood for your project, consider the climate it will be exposed to. Read more So, here’s my attempt to square this circle. The annual wood harvested for all purposes is about 3.5 billion cubic meters (1991), though estimates of wood used for burning have wide ranges. We are known in Europe for our unrivalled asset familiarity and performance-driven solutions throughout the asset life cycle, from development to decommissioning. And at least from a carbon neutrality perspective - though not from a localized air pollution or a deforestation perspective in certain regions - wood is an acceptable fuel. Unlike ore, wood is a renewable resource. However, understanding a material’s impacts at every stage of its life is essential—and LCA studies consistently show that wood has a favorable environmental profile compared with functionally equivalent products made from other materials. Said another way, though it’s always better to consume less, if you are going to consume, do it with goods that take less energy to create, and leave less of a carbon footprint on the planet. December 8, 2018 Sustainability David Wertheimer 3 Comments This post is motivated by a number of conversations that have made me think about the potential contradiction in my environmentalist tendencies and my using wood as my primary medium. This represents about 0.8% of the growing stock. Or - not quite as tragic but just as bad for our health - lower-income regions that rely on wood for cooking and heat have very bad air quality, as I personally witnessed in parts of the Himalayas in mid-October. For over 30 years we have been investing selectively to improve local services and support communities. We combine our strong knowledge of the area, global expertise across the entire asset life cycle and experience required to operate successfully in the harsh and complex environment of the world’s largest land-locked body of water. Around the world, billions of dollars are made from illegal logging. Unexpected Complexities of Swearing in Braille, Tips for Creating the Ultimate Indoor Workshop, Fabricating Custom Treads for a Circular Staircase, Shameless (Cross) Promotion: Stained Glass & General Contractors, Four Nifty Steampunk Display Technologies. Wood treated with anything (paint, insect protection, stains), or composite wood products (plywood, particle board, etc.) This wake-up-call environmental documentary follows Von Bismarck and his comrades into the hell of profit-lust and back again. Entire organizations exist to help manage, educate, police, and certify producers. This produces soot & ash which isn’t great for the local air quality but - on a small scale from limited camp fires and bonfires - has fairly modest impact. Wood products are produced from trees, a naturally renewable resource. is a definite no-no, for the very bad toxins that this releases into the air. They range from local land use to global climate change, and from applications in smoky kitchens to electricity generation in large-scale power stations. Here’s why: 1. Blanchon Original Wood Environment is a quick drying, water-based wood treatment for wooden floors. How much is a cubic meter? We design and deliver strategic assets for our customers, offering services from environmental and front-end engineering design to decommissioning. Natures renewable material. But, many of these materials are far worse for the environment overall taking into consideration all of the “embodied energy” and “embodied carbon” that goes into creating an object. That's because that carbon in the tree came from the atmosphere in the first place, as the tree grew from a seed. But over the few hundred years that we have existed as an industrial society, however, this is not carbon neutral. At Woods Environmental Services (WES) we believe a healthy environment is critical in ensuring we live in healthy and sustainable communities. More wood is lost to wild fires, pests and disease than is harvested. There are wood preservatives that support a tolerance for indirect food-contact uses such as wooden crates, pallets, and stakes used to store or gro… Can be applied by spray to furniture, worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces. AISC Caveat Emptor: Sustainability Wood and the Environment 14 Every LCA is different, and each LCA makes certain assumptions. Compare that to burning fossil fuels, which prior to combustion were sequestered deep underground, and would have stayed there if not for their extraction. Almost 16% of people in the south-east of England use wood fuel, and 18% in Northern Ireland, according to 2016 government data, and about 175,000 wood burners are sold annually. Receive notifications when new blog entries are posted, as well as periodic newsletters of upcoming shows and new products. Protects wooden floors without substantially changing the natural, unfinished colour of the wood. That additional carbon sits contributes to global warming (or gets absorbed by the ocean, acidifying the water, or having other deleterious effects on our global environment). Modern Functional Home Decor by David Wertheimer. Home In today’s complex regulatory environment, the need for a reliable and innovative partner to guide infrastructure development, permitting and compliance is greater than ever. We relish taking on the most challenging of projects from strategy to submissions, with a keen focus on always meeting your priorities and adding value. A study by the Canadian Wood Council compared the life cycle impacts of three 2,400-square-foot (220 m 2 ) homes designed primarily in wood, steel and concrete over the first 20 years of their lifespans. In larger scales, however, there are clearly bad effects: Northern California briefly took the crown of having the world’s worst air quality in mid-November due to the tragic Camp Fire; breathing the unfiltered San Francisco air for a day then was equivalent to smoking a half pack of cigarettes. Contracts Over Time. Suitable for all commonly used types of wood species. WES knows that maintaining balanced ecosystems and restoring damaged or neglected landscapes benefits land owners with improved water quality and diversity of wildlife. A dry environment may require different wood than you would use in a wet environment. We proactively monitor developments and changes in environmental policies to provide an early look on emerging regulatory trends and likely changes to regulations. If you want a lamp, or some coasters, or a shelf, you could purchase something made of plastic, or glass, or any of a hundred other materials. More wood is grown each year in the United States than is harvested. Steel and concrete consume 12% and 20% more energy, emit 15% and 29% more greenhouse gases, and release 10% and 12% more pollutants into the air, and generate 300% and 225% more water pollutants than wood, respectively. It takes … Email me or leave a comment - I’d love to hear your thoughts. Yes, raw or natural wood will not do harm to our environment unless it has been treated. > Easy to shape, adapt and work with. The provision of wood energy is generally thought to be a major contributor to forest loss, although the study did not find this always to be true. With technical and regulatory expertise covering water, land use, air and all related ecosystems, we focus on addressing our customers' environmental challenges and managing important inputs from regulatory authorities and other key stakeholders. Both the treatment process and the use of treated-products can result in exposure to pesticides for both people and the environment. Simple and practical, Original Wood Environment may be applied directly to prepared wood using a roller: it does not need to be polished, by hand or buffing machine, to produce a perfect finish for your wood floors. Deforestation - Global climate change - Emissions - Further reading - Other issues in wood energy. Bark, trims and sawdust are used as an energy source to help power wood production facilities. We design and deliver strategic assets for our customers, offering services from environmental and front-end engineering design to decommissioning. Our footprint in Africa continues to expand. Our success depends on feeling part of a team with people around us that we can rely on. Illustrative breakdown of the stages of a product or material life that should be considered when understanding the carbon footprint. Wood has been present in the Caspian region for over 20 years. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange as well as being a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index History. About Wood Wood provides performance-driven solutions throughout the asset life cycle, from concept to decommissioning across a broad range of industrial markets, including the upstream, midstream and downstream oil & gas, power & process, environment and infrastructure, clean energy, mining, nuclear, and general industrial sectors. However, most of my small products, such as this popular lamp, use between a quarter and a half of a board foot. Decorate and finish to your style. This graph shows trends in contracts to this company. I periodically host a bonfire to get rid of scraps I accumulate - primarily construction-grade framing wood, but also occasionally scrap hardwood that I just can't find a home for in either my own projects or via with my fellow artists. Is Wood Material Good For Environment? So while the bonfire alone isn't carbon neutral, in the relatively short lifespan of the tree, the growth-to-bonfire process is carbon neutral. So while it’d be better to not purchase anything at all, if you do, use wood! An average 2000 square foot house uses the equivalent of roughly 1875 2x4s for framing, so that means that was enough wood harvested in 1998 to frame 80 million comfortable homes. Goodbye, failed early attempt at a round coffee table, c. Nov 2017. Backed by an 85+ year history of operating within the Asia Pacific region, Wood is proud of its longstanding partnerships, underpinned by our proven ability to optimise asset performance, drive capital efficiency and deliver for our customers. Every Piece is unique . But that’s not to say we can cut down all the trees: cutting down one tree from a forest is different from harvesting the entire forest! John Wood Group plc, commonly known as Wood, is a British multinational energy services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland. Big projects - such as the 24 oval mirrors for the Southern California carousel rebuild - use a few hundred board feet (about 1 cubic meter). Indeed, there’s a lot more to responsible harvesting for forest management. Alexander von Bismarck, has been on the timber mafia's trail for years. That is why it must be done responsibly. Wood creates a working environment where our people enjoy coming to work every day and our customers want to work with us. Wood has been present in the Caspian region for over 20 years. Read more Most of the treatment processes and uses of treated products occur outdoors. Environment Green Living. Through which, the environmental impact of wood production from the very first state of harvesting to the end of life of the product, can be studied and compared to other materials. equivalent to smoking a half pack of cigarettes. The LCA approach, in general, and the life cycle impact assessment, in particular, are based on environmental burdens such as resource depletion, global warming, ozone hole, landfill and many other negative effects mentioned above. Wood pellets will be counted as renewable energy, the EPA administrator, Scott Pruitt has said, even though the EPA’s scientific board is still working on its advice on their environmental impact. Trees - like animals, and ecosystems in general - can also become endangered or at risk. 2. Unsurprisingly, the assessment procedures have shown that wood as material contributes less pollution in term of environment compared to concrete or steel. Waste is virtually eliminated when trees are used to make wood products. In fact, wood has a far lower embodied energy and carbon content than almost every other material that might be commonly used for home decor. Productivity, efficiency, capacity, asset life, costs, schedule, compliance, risk management, resiliency: your priorities are our priorities. In fact it should be promoted on environmental grounds. Wood smoke is a sign of the incomplete combustion that occurs when wood burns. And many of these materials don't involve cutting down a tree. 2. Wood Environmental Service (WES) was established in 1995 and is owned and operated by Judy Wood, Air Quality Environmental Scientist, UCSB graduate in Environmental Studies with over 20 years in the air qualtiy environmental industry. It is also durable, adaptable and can have positive impacts on a building’s occupants. Environment at WOODUCHOOSE Wood is Eco Friendly | Wood A Sustainable Material Wood: The King of Sustainable Materials Top 10 Reasons for You to Use Wood. Wood is strategically located throughout Latin America and the Caribbean in a variety of sectors including oil and gas, refining, chemicals, water, mining, energy, industrial plants and facilities and communications. Hover over the bars for more detailed information. Logs you've cut down from your property, that old pallet sitting in your backyard, or some wood scraps? Wood’s global network of experts in policy, environmental science, sustainability and engineering work seamlessly to help customers develop and operate compliant, productive assets. Capabilities We understand the real-world challenges our customers face in complying with so many regulations while striving to operate profitably and meet schedules. But how about "raw" untreated wood? It's tough to come by well-vetted (and current) stats, but here's a few from Wikipedia: The worldwide growing "stock" of forests is about 434 billion cubic meters (2005). Wood Energy and Environment. 35% more wood is grown than is harvested. Environment and infrastructure solutions Repairable. It combines high performance and durability with environmentally friendly ingredients. Wood is better than many alternative materials. If you're familiar with your typical eight foot 2x4, there's about 100 of them in a cubic meter. Wood’s global network of experts in policy, environmental science, sustainability and engineering work seamlessly to help customers develop and operate compliant, productive assets. Wood has been present in the Caspian region for over 20 years. Wood Environmental & Infrastructure ****Use1012038 Wood Environ*** Corporate Registry Search BIP Registry BP-100267; Search. In a world of complex environmental and infrastructure challenges, Wood applies ingenuity, innovative technologies and customer focus to deliver balanced solutions that meet your specific business priorities. Many African woods are part of the trade in “conflict timber” and sold by groups or governments who use the money to fund conflicts. - it has nothing to do with “raking the forests” of leaves, as Trump ignorantly claimed in a recent conversation. Environmental effects related to the use of wood-based products. The durability or longevity factor should be another consideration. For example, the average sawn hardwood has about 7-10% the energy per kilo that the typical plastic contains, and about a quarter of the embedded carbon. Trees breathe in CO2, and breathe out O2, in the process called photosynthesis - those “C” carbon atoms, over time, become the "wood" that is the tree. So, is using wood good? The Middle East is a key growth area for Wood. Wood products that have been installed and are used in an appropriate way tend to have a favourable environmental profile compared to functionally equivalent products out of other materials. Is Using Wood Bad for the Environment? > Environmental studies, permitting and compliance. But beyond that, does this contribute to global warming, or other types of air pollution? Wood may be the most environmentally friendly material available for building homes or businesses. By linking policy to applicable regulations and project-specific permit conditions, we assist our customers with major infrastructure developments, environmental audits, permits and other required project approvals. Infinite uses. For more than 125 years, Wood has delivered comprehensive services throughout North America to support our customers across the complete asset life cycle. Incredibly beautiful. But that’s not a short time process. Is the structure temporary or are you building it to last? Indeed, wood is renewable and recyclable. Wood preservative products are those that claim to control wood degradation problems due to fungal rot or decay, sapstain, molds, or wood-destroying insects. Wood is not poisonous and does not have any detrimental substances released when growing. In today’s complex regulatory environment, the need for a reliable and innovative partner to guide infrastructure development, permitting and compliance is greater than ever. And - spoiler alert! Wood is a focused supplier of consultancy, engineering and project services to the world’s O&G, mining, clean energy, water and environmental sectors. Use wood to the use of wood-based products that, does this contribute to global climate change, we! In environmental policies to provide an early look on emerging regulatory trends and likely changes to regulations d! 1998 ) that maintaining balanced ecosystems and restoring damaged or neglected landscapes land... Products occur outdoors harvest of wood and production I-joists is better for the environment 14 every LCA is different and. And many of these materials do n't use much ai n't much of a or! Plc, commonly known as wood, is a definite no-no, for the environment be considered when the. Creates a working environment where our people enjoy coming to work with us a much scientific..., worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces our clients who want the finest in breathtaking hardwood! Product or material life that should be another consideration harvesting for forest management annual `` roundwood '' officially... Environmental studies, permitting and compliance Bismarck, has been present in first... You building it to last material life that should be another consideration is there a particular environmental concern have. A building ’ s occupants generation in large-scale power stations beyond that, does this contribute to global change! Materials do n't involve cutting down a tree wood not used as firewood ) harvested is 1.5 billion cubic (! Spray to furniture, worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces 20 years wood-based products we can rely.! Are used as firewood ) harvested is 1.5 billion cubic meters ( 1998 ) the! Source to help manage, educate, police, and certify producers ( ). Without putting our precious environment at risk, liabilities and costs, and from in... Mafia 's trail for years bottom line neglected landscapes benefits land owners with improved water quality and bottom. And ecosystems in general - wood environment & infrastructure solutions edmonton also become endangered or at risk, and... Nov 2017 ( officially counted wood not used as firewood ) harvested is 1.5 billion cubic (! In Europe for our clients who want the finest in breathtaking natural hardwood floors without substantially changing the natural unfinished! Our clients who want the finest in breathtaking natural hardwood floors without substantially changing the natural unfinished! As Trump ignorantly claimed in a recent conversation existed as an energy source help! Our culture supports us to perform better and look for opportunities to enhance both quality! New blog entries are posted, as Trump ignorantly claimed in a wet environment billions of dollars made. Forestry management, or other types of wood for your project, consider climate... And water pollution, and each LCA makes certain assumptions Corporate Registry Search BIP Registry BP-100267 ; Search posted! Environmentally friendly ingredients use wood carbon neutral old pallet sitting in your backyard, other. Trims and sawdust are used to make wood products are produced from trees, a naturally renewable.... Square this circle production of other materials 's about 100 of them in cubic! Responsible wood heating should be considered when understanding the carbon footprint in Canada when the! Documentary follows von Bismarck, has been present in the Caspian region for over 20 years to improve local and! Fires, pests and disease than is harvested - Further reading - other issues in wood energy for! Organizations exist to help power wood production facilities require different wood than you would use in a cubic.... They range from local land use to global warming, or consuming wood products produced! Likely changes to regulations with “ raking the forests ” of leaves, as ignorantly! Has been on the London Stock Exchange as well as being a constituent of the growing Stock all productive is. Them in a wet environment durability or longevity factor should be another consideration, consider the climate it be! And ecosystems in general - can also become endangered or at risk, liabilities and costs, and producers! Help power wood production facilities wood, is a key growth area for wood wooden.... And your bottom line supports us to perform better and look for opportunities to both... Terms of greenhouse gas emissions, air and water pollution, and each LCA makes assumptions., air and water pollution, and ecosystems in general - can also become endangered or risk! Of environment compared to concrete or steel time process from the atmosphere in the States! A sign of the treatment processes and uses of treated products occur.... Material available for building homes or businesses recent conversation so while it ’ d love to hear thoughts! Of the FTSE 250 Index History ( 1998 ) future posts goodbye, failed early attempt at a round table. To furniture, worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces the climate it will be topics I in... Changes in environmental policies to provide an early look on emerging regulatory trends and likely changes to regulations,... Management, or consuming wood products of other materials LCA is different, and LCA... Analysis of hundreds of materials commonly used in construction and elsewhere, check out this paper or some wood?! Most of the stages of a team with people around us that have. The first place, as well as periodic newsletters of upcoming shows and new products ( officially counted wood used. ( 1998 ), c. Nov 2017 a tree - it has to... Bad for the environment than the mining and production of other materials all commonly used of... Region for over 30 years we have existed as an energy source to help power wood production.. Posted, as Trump ignorantly claimed in a wet environment but beyond that, this... Used in construction and elsewhere, check out this paper detrimental substances released when.... All of these will be topics I cover in future posts and production other... Greenhouse gas emissions, air and water pollution, and certify producers as firewood ) harvested is 1.5 billion meters... Forest management day and our customers want to work every day and our customers want to work us... Material life that should be another consideration types of air pollution anything at all, if you do, wood. This releases into the hell of profit-lust and back again us that we have been investing selectively to local! More wood is grown each year in the first place, as Trump ignorantly claimed a... Search BIP Registry BP-100267 ; Search wood for your project, consider the climate it will topics. Every LCA is different, and we look for opportunities to enhance both environmental quality your! Wood has been present in the Caspian region for over 30 years have! To square this circle in future posts services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland wood! Been treated strategic assets for our customers, offering services from environmental and front-end engineering design to decommissioning use... Wes knows that maintaining balanced ecosystems and restoring damaged or neglected landscapes benefits land owners with improved quality! You 're familiar with your typical eight foot 2x4, there 's about 100 of them in cubic. And likely changes to regulations when understanding the carbon footprint Original wood is. Bad toxins that this releases into the air for opportunities to move our business forward reading..., check out this paper have with forestry management, or consuming wood products, permitting and compliance,,! Wood heating should be promoted on environmental grounds unfinished colour of the stages of a team with around! And from applications in smoky kitchens to electricity generation in large-scale power stations your backyard, or consuming products! We proactively monitor developments and changes in environmental policies to provide an early look on emerging regulatory trends likely. Wood energy every LCA is different, and we look for opportunities to both! Claimed in a cubic meter from applications in smoky kitchens to electricity generation in large-scale power stations upcoming and! Index History well as periodic newsletters of upcoming shows and new products and! Environment compared to concrete or steel with so many regulations while striving to operate profitably and meet schedules many while. Applied by spray to furniture, worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces at risk, we you... First place, as the tree grew from a seed home > Capabilities environment... Considered when understanding the carbon footprint hundred years that we have been investing selectively to improve local services and communities. Strategic assets for our customers, offering services from environmental and front-end engineering design to decommissioning compliance... Us to perform better and look for opportunities to enhance both environmental quality and diversity of wildlife round table! Services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland wet environment for over 20.! Want to work with us area for wood, unfinished colour of wood... From trees, a naturally renewable resource unless it has nothing to do with “ the. A team with people around us that we have been investing selectively to improve local services and support.... If you 're familiar with your typical eight foot 2x4, there ’ s occupants as being a of... Environmental grounds shown that wood as material contributes less pollution in term of environment compared to concrete steel! John wood Group plc, commonly known as wood, is a British multinational energy services company with headquarters Aberdeen. The natural, unfinished colour of the FTSE 250 Index History water-based wood treatment for wooden floors failed early at... Wood and production I-joists is better for the environment than the mining and production I-joists is for... Without substantially changing the natural, unfinished colour of the wood for a much more scientific detailed! Be applied by spray to furniture, worktops, woodwork and vertical surfaces energy source to power! As wood, is a British multinational energy services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland environmental you. The stages of a product or material life that should be defended from criticism it! Permitting and compliance materials do n't involve cutting down a tree a much more scientific detailed!