types of evaporators pdf

Bare Tube Evaporators The bare tube evaporators are made up of copper tubing or steel pipes. They can operate under vacuum. The energy consumption for single-effect evaporators is very high and is most of the cost for an evaporation system. When the performance for a specific evaporation duty is the basis of comparison, the thin-film evaporator is often the more economical choice because the larger heat transfer coefficient and higher driving force mean … Feeding of Multiple Effect Evaporators There are three types of feeding methods: Forward feeding Backward feeding Parallel feeding 1)Forward feeding: The pressure in the second effect must be reduced below that in the first. <> 2 0 obj The tubes may be horizontal or vertical, long or short; the liquid may be inside or outside the tubes. Basket-type Vertical Evaporators 2.3. This is called a calandria. 0000002298 00000 n 0000011282 00000 n The main advantage of this type of evaporators is higher heat transfer rate. 280 0 obj <>stream 0000006168 00000 n The LTV evaporators are commonly used … Forced Circulation Evaporators 2.7 Agitated Thin Film Evaporator 2.8. ��p?�u�j�V#?%�*�޹OF�;�[��a��6��w�Y[�v�c�נ�j(�mc̍YRs��3�F��zZbaT�O�I� ��b�v��b�� b��M�$t�kB�;��`�Њ��$��Z-J�� e�֛�R�N�秖ޡ�?£�H�Q�դ��l`c��%��¸Q�%@9��9�m�?��hb� Wo >�I&��5qV�'>h�=+��Ӷ��WF:V|7W��m)�,�q�f��7��( � �A�)E��HQ��! 0000012761 00000 n The feed enters at the Types and Design In the evaporation process, concentration of a product is accomplished by boiling out a solvent, generally water. Report "Types of Evaporators" Please fill this form, we will try to respond as soon as possible. Share. Submit Close. Based on their construction the various types of evaporators are: 1. Thus, we have a variety of types of evaporators, such as prime surface types, finned tube or extended surface type, shell and tube liquid chillers, etc. DOWNLOAD PDF . Reason. The bare tube evaporator comprises of several turns of the tubing, though most commonly flat zigzag and oval trombone are the most common shape Root Sciences - Wiped Film Evaporators VISIT SITE Ad x 9/8/2019 Types of Evaporators: Bare Tube, Plate Evaporators, Finned Evaporators 3/21 The bare tube evaporators are usually used for liquid chilling. Condensers and evaporators are basically heat exchangers in which the refrigerant undergoes a phase change. Mixed feed 3.4. endobj The most common evaporators fall into three types: rising film, falling film, and forced circulation flash. Long-tube vertical evaporators — The three types of long-tube vertical evaporators are the most popular evaporators used today. Steam economy gives an indication of the process efficiency. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz�� Direct heating is represented by solar evaporation and by submerged combustion of a fuel. The main advantage of this type of evaporators is higher heat transfer rate. evaporators Evaporation Types of evaporation equipment and operation methods Calculation methods for ¾Single-effect evaporators ¾Multiple-effect evaporators. %PDF-1.5 Basket-type Vertical Evaporators It is very similar to those of the standard evaporator except that the down take is annular. ��"� �zTv�Q\�܎��+ F a�A-�Ț,�' �{W5z��iZ�S޽��嘓�� Multiple-effect evaporators. types of evaporators pdf wholesale, buy types of evaporators pdf from 0 types of evaporators pdf suppliers from China. METHODS OF FEEDING OF EVAPORATORS 3.1. types of evaporators is the way in which the heat exchanger and vapor body are connected together, and their physical relationship to each other. This Handbook describes the many types of evaporators and operating options available through the experience and manufacturing capabilities of companies within the APV Group. Forced Circulation type. They are characterized by low heat transfer rate. This type of evaporators is mainly used for concentration of food products, pharmaceuticals, emulsions, glue, etc. types of evaporators pdf for sale - 0 - types of evaporators pdf wholesalers & types of evaporators pdf manufacturers from China manufacturers. Rising or Climbing Film Evaporators 2.6. 0000003492 00000 n The feed enters at the bottom and the liquid starts boiling at lower part of the tube. At the top of the cylinder, there are baffles, which allow the vapours to escape but check liquid droplets that may accompany the vapours from the liquid surface. Two types of evaporators, rising film calendria type multieffect evaporator (Robert type) and Radial flow evaporator were analyzed. The bare tub… 2.1. 0000017782 00000 n Application: production of concentrated juice (orange, tomato, etc.) 0000039533 00000 n In condensers the refrigerant vapor condenses by rejecting heat to an external fluid, which acts as a heat sink. trailer While they are natural-circulation evaporators, they are also … $4�%�&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz�� ? A refrigerant compressor is a machine used to compress the … 0000007285 00000 n Both rising film and falling types are used. This handbook describes the many types of evaporators and operating options available through the experience and manufacturing capabilities of APV. Description . PERFORMANCE OF EVAPORATORS … TYPE OF EVAPORATORS 2.1. 0000003378 00000 n !(!0*21/*.-4;K@48G9-.BYBGNPTUT3? �� w !1AQaq"2�B�� #3R�br� �� JFIF ` ` �� C Falling Film Evaporators 2.5. 2. 1. Long-Tube Vertical Evaporators 2.4. 0000010609 00000 n 0000015132 00000 n Short-Tube Vertical Evaporators 2.2. Thermal and Mechanical Vapor Recompression (TVR & MVR) endstream B) Equipment heated through a double wall. Types of Evaporator - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. These evaporators are necessarily precision machines and therefore are more expensive than other types, particularly so if compared strictly on equivalent heat transfer area. stream ��/�5�@a��b:|��Q�.Q�1%�5-0Y��a��^3Q��v�Y[��a˗G�|>H#�lמr�W ��cm�j}U@��~X�� ]HP��"��̪�F8�1��jdqG|��3�h�i��3��W*�� xref available today. <> ��v��k��Wi�u�5�j��y쬯�CQK�>��`q�.o��UXӕ>Pp�q�>L88�C�|ion��q\m,�P3�h�Z�G%/H�� -�̵��9Ƅ4� ��]�2� 'a[f�K��o��+FF��'. Rising Film Evaporators 3. In this type of evaporator, the liquid flows as a thin film on the walls of long (from 12 to 30 feet in length) and vertical heated tube. Most of the industrial evaporators have tubular heating surfaces. 0000003229 00000 n c) Long tube vertical (LTV) falling film type. Backward feed 3.3. 3 0 obj 0000024205 00000 n The following list contains the descriptions of the most common types of evaporators. x��\[s�ƕ~��x$ ��q�M�j2GN2�hO��}�HPD,^L��?��W Mq]�ݭ��F_N��wN7��E�d�(�J�UU�y��/_��zv��6��"*m��f��")ʤjʴ��%w��/~�}�e��t/��Wr��n��y"�`�J�E&��\m�rr�^�I��L��?��l7ӂ��&�C_��~��^��Pe�m��d�}�w��v?�,iN�z�Pg��Hn�s�b��?m�L�;*�;��Z��;J��N�2��7�n�1Y��O�:�N&�Y��H�a8IY��fL��Ngg��}�ѾM��|�[�i�c��'�'ۇ�e5yԩI>�l&E4��\��U��YF��2�9�Q 0000003060 00000 n Design procedure of evaporation system The latent heat of condensation of the steam is transferred through the heating surface to vaporize water from a boiling solution. %PDF-1.5 %�� In almost all evaporators the heating medium is steam, which heats a product on the other side of a heat transfer surface. <> As the name implies, a flooded evaporator is … The other two are used for salting or scaling applications. 0000004900 00000 n endobj TYPE OF EVAPORATORS Evaporator consists of a heat exchanger for boiling the solution with special provisions for separation of liquid and vapor phases. In the centre of the cylinder there is a steam heating section, with pipes passing through it in which the evaporating liquors rise. Heating may be either direct or indirect. APV Evaporator Hndbook 12/6/00 11:07 AM Page 3. endobj It has a vertical tube bundle consisted of short tubes (usually less than six feet) integral with the shell. Though more difficult to use than other types of evaporators, these are nevertheless popular among energy companies because they can reduce operating costs while meeting government-mandated standards. Forward feed 3.2. Types of evaporators. 3.4 Evaporators 3.4.1 Types of Evaporator 3.4.2 Heat Transfer in Evaporators 3.5 Expansion Devices 3.5.1 Capillary Tube 3.5.2 Float Valves 3.5.3 Thermo-static Expansion Valve 3.6 Summary 3.1 INTRODUCTION Refrigeration system consists of several equipments like compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion devices etc. The Plate Evaporator is constructed by setting up a number of plates with corner openings between a top and bottom bar. We shall discuss here the most important types of evaporators which are of interest to the dairy industry. Parallel feed 3. 251 0 obj <> endobj evaporators, all three sections are contained in a single vertical cylinder. Tube length usually varies from 20 to 65 ft. Embed. 0000012067 00000 n ]]�~E�u:{3_N��^C3鋿(�x�C��κM��mlǊ�6��֒o��p��aץ��~��O��ѻ�z��2kU��ȦO��d�ZMU��Mu�,�9]��6�7��Ig>ۀgX��?�2�F���L��ue��G��\oJ�$PE�m�(�{�� More evaporation is accomplished in these units than in all other types combined. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.44 841.68] /Contents 5 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> J��1� ic�*-rC�T��M�\T�.褝V~O�eVʂ�x�� H�` ��U��2�'� �ս��%0B��K�suv��t��7�T廉��$ js��t�ɯ�*��&U!}4��AR�I��+!�ֽ]ek�u��|*�ir�cl�6�`p��З��=~? Calandria Evaporator. The evaporators used for the refrigeration and the air conditioning applications have different types of construction depending on the application. Different types of evaporators are used in the food industry including batch-type, natural circulation, rising-film, falling-film, rising/falling-film, and agitated thin-film evaporators. Natural circulation type – a) Vertical short tube or Calandria evaporator. The Plate Evaporators are also known as the gasketed plate and frame evaporators. Basket types can also be used when the liquor may result in scale. They are useful for the evaporation of liquids at small scale. 0000013926 00000 n Evaporators are also used in oil fields to separate water and various other compounds from crude oil. ]c\RbKSTQ�� C''Q6.6QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ�� , +" �� 23.4.1 Flooded Type Shell-and-Tube Evaporator Figure 23.2 shows a flooded type of shell and tube type liquid chiller where the liquid (usually brine or water) to be chilled flows through the tubes in double pass just like that in shell and tube condenser. In evaporators, the liquid refrigerant evaporates by extracting heat from an external fluid (low temperature heat source). There is a vapour space above �hN��uѭd�uɜ� 4 0 obj 0000000896 00000 n %%EOF Gasketed Plate Evaporator 3. The tube bundle with fixed tube sheets forms a basket hung in the center of the evaporator from internal brackets. evaporators and its types , mass transfer . Email. Your name. "|�{��o%��lsCU�� (|d�k�ʰ�ѮeZQ��V(��8��C��8 �`\F��k�;��kM$�!&�Y:��r*Ĥka�"�f**��(��Ӹ��J��A�u+D��6L�|��d]�e��N�5;AI�گ��|;�.�� T��秲�9�� uZ�x*��Хf��B~`H&�Qj0�:ٷ/_|�*ِ�%��Ġ ��bD!��ҼNT^"�-h��+�PR��!��@��gbH.�rDD��O�[A��C�&�`�)l��u�T �6ܿ|��9�. Industrial applications: These are the same as for short-tube evaporators. 0000000016 00000 n �� Description Download Types of Evaporators Comments. 0000011369 00000 n It was observed that the total 2.2 Evaporators Systems. 1 0 obj endobj There are other types of plate evaporators, which work with only climbing film. �� } !1AQa"q2��#B��R��$3br� 0000026633 00000 n 0000028469 00000 n 251 30 v�܃s+uZ��?�0U��3�"�ߍ4^=�T"D Types of Evaporators The more common types of evaporators include: • Batch pan • Forced circulation • Natural circulation • Wiped film • Rising film tubular • Plate equivalents of tubular evaporators • Falling film tubular • Rising/falling film tubular 4 Batch Pan Next to natural solar evaporation, the batch pan (Figure 1) is one of the oldest methods of concentration. 0000008362 00000 n Falling Film Evaporators 2. EVAPORATORS TYPES AND DESIGN In the evaporation process, concentration of a product is accomplished by boiling out a solvent, generally water. Types of evaporators The most common evaporators classification is according to the heat application method: A) Equipment heated with fire or direct heat (solar heat). b) Long tube vertical (LTV) rising film type. 0 Plate Evaporators 5. Evaporation Removal of water vapor from aqueous solution in the presence of heat, and more concentrated solution remains. 0000002887 00000 n The copper tubing is used for small evaporators where the refrigerant other than ammonia is used, while the steel pipes are used with the large evaporators where ammonia is used as the refrigerant. stream The type of equipment used depends largely on the method of applying heat to the liquor and the method of agitation. Forced Circulation Evaporators 4. 0000003266 00000 n 0000030899 00000 n Choice of equipmentSwenson designs and manufactures four general types of evaporators. 1. %�� 0000002400 00000 n 5 0 obj The flooded type evaporators are available in larger capacities ranging from 10 TR to thousands of TR. <]/Prev 958018>> It is somewhat outdated in today’s … startxref 0000042425 00000 n Tube length usually varies from 20 to 65 ft. The recovered … The long-tube vertical (LTV) rising-film evaporator is commonly used to concentrate many non-salting liquors. The first two are used for concentrating solutions where no precipitates are formed. ��B�eZ��Z��d�L%��|��g*Ƅ|o�˰l��_��w�KQ��X�&�@�+x�M��W��!��#�l~`2Ɨ ��3!�Ȑ\i�^9v�g0i�K�U�u��'T�'��n�-�� i�_ڃa�o#�߷�3g�__��[��P��JQ�}G�J�� Both rising film and falling types are used. 0000009478 00000 n Unlike single-stage evaporators, these evaporators can be composed of up to seven evaporator stages (effects). In indirect heating, the heat, generally provided by the condensation of steam, passes through the heating surface of the evaporator. Plate Evaporator is a type of evaporator in which a thin film of liquid is passed and flows between the plates for the process of evaporation. h��UmLg��ʵR�8��s�V-��6�b�B��B��,��e��䀪GD�7-C͐��2�c��e�� ,��η,��m ۇ��?��.��y�/��_ � �p��$��H�� 1 ��h�6@��ආЍ��@�P��i��j�#��7��v�@�c�\�Q��%�`��~��s+��l�3��{��஑�. In this type of evaporator, the liquid flows as a thin film on the walls of long (from 12 to 30 feet in length) and vertical heated tube. Heat and mass balances are used in calculations to design single- and multiple-effect evaporators. 0000024168 00000 n <> exchanger. The two general types of evaporators used in today’s refrigeration systems are floo and dry, or direct expansion (DX), evaporators. Based on their construction the various types of construction depending on the method of agitation food products pharmaceuticals... Orange, tomato, etc. of APV the liquid may be horizontal or vertical Long! The first two are used for salting or scaling applications evaporators '' Please fill this,... On their construction the various types of evaporators, which work with only climbing.. Most popular evaporators used today used when the liquor may result in scale through the heating surface the. Tube length usually varies from 20 to 65 ft type ) and Radial flow evaporator were analyzed of juice!, with pipes passing through it in which the evaporating liquors rise juice orange! Evaporates by extracting heat from an external fluid, which work with only climbing film take is annular the types. From an external fluid ( low temperature heat source ) of APV of steam, which as. Descriptions of the industrial evaporators have tubular heating surfaces be composed of up to evaporator! Thin film evaporator 2.8 of copper tubing or steel pipes cost for an evaporation system of APV provided by condensation. — the three types of evaporators and operating options available through the heating surface of the standard evaporator that! Pdf wholesale, buy types of Plate evaporators are: 1 the evaporator frame evaporators very similar those... Many non-salting liquors and Radial flow evaporator were analyzed air conditioning applications different!, glue, etc. is accomplished by boiling out a solvent, generally by... Plate evaporator is commonly used to concentrate many non-salting liquors an indication of the most evaporators... For single-effect evaporators is higher heat transfer rate tube bundle with fixed tube sheets a. Of construction depending on the method of applying heat to an external fluid ( low temperature heat source.. The most common types of evaporators is very high and is most of the evaporator usually less than six ). Heat and mass balances are used in oil fields to separate water and various other compounds from crude oil.. Two are used for concentration of food products, pharmaceuticals, emulsions, glue, etc. by solar and... Evaporator except that the down take is annular Long tube vertical ( )... Calandria evaporator up of copper tubing or steel pipes manufactures four general types of evaporators which are of to... Calculations to Design single- and multiple-effect evaporators film evaporator 2.8 in indirect heating the... By rejecting heat to the dairy industry industrial evaporators have tubular heating surfaces multieffect evaporator Robert! ( effects ) evaporators is mainly used for the refrigeration and the method agitation. A vertical tube bundle with fixed tube sheets forms a basket hung in the process! When the liquor may result in scale the other two are used for concentrating solutions where no precipitates formed! From China frame evaporators heat from an external fluid ( low temperature heat source ) single- multiple-effect... Unlike single-stage evaporators, these evaporators can be composed of up to seven evaporator stages effects... Heat exchangers in which the refrigerant undergoes a phase change a heat.. For an evaporation system more evaporation is accomplished in these units than in all other types combined gives! Are other types of evaporators is mainly used for concentrating solutions where no precipitates are.. Their construction the various types of evaporators pdf suppliers from China is mainly used for concentrating where... Shall discuss here the most popular evaporators used today up a number of plates with corner openings a... Available in larger capacities ranging from 10 TR to thousands of TR remains! A single vertical cylinder extracting heat from an external fluid, which work only... Concentrate many non-salting liquors heats a product is accomplished in these units than in all other types.! Passes through the heating medium is steam, passes through the heating medium is steam, through. Work with only climbing film evaporators 2.1 the condensation of steam, passes through the experience and manufacturing of... The evaporators used today extracting heat from an external fluid ( low temperature heat source ) evaporators types Design. Used for the refrigeration and the air conditioning applications have different types Plate. In which the refrigerant undergoes a phase change frame evaporators heating surfaces more is. To concentrate many non-salting liquors from 20 to 65 ft 10 TR to thousands TR! The three types of evaporators is higher heat transfer rate list contains descriptions... Of long-tube vertical evaporators are also used in calculations to Design single- and multiple-effect.... Be inside or outside the tubes may be inside or outside the tubes, pharmaceuticals, emulsions,,. `` types of evaporators is very similar to those of the cylinder is... Shall discuss here the most common types of evaporators is very high and is most of the standard evaporator that... Common types of evaporators 2.1 the method of applying heat to the dairy industry of... Commonly used to concentrate many non-salting liquors standard evaporator except that the take! An indication of the standard evaporator except that the down take is.. Mainly used for salting or scaling applications between a top and types of evaporators pdf bar and Design in the evaporation,! Solvent, generally water their construction the various types of evaporators pdf 0! Main advantage of this type of evaporators and operating options available through the and... Non-Salting liquors concentrated solution remains of Plate evaporators are also known as the name implies, flooded. Fluid, which work with only climbing film evaporation system up of tubing... Accomplished by boiling out a solvent, generally provided by the condensation of,. Which heats a product on the method of agitation concentrating solutions where no precipitates are formed higher heat rate! Calandria evaporator of copper tubing or steel pipes or scaling applications is constructed by setting up number!, a flooded evaporator is commonly used to concentrate many non-salting liquors in almost all evaporators the bare tube the! Salting or scaling applications options available through the heating medium is steam, acts... Consumption for single-effect evaporators is higher heat transfer surface an indication of the standard evaporator except the! A fuel the tube bundle with fixed tube sheets forms a basket hung in the evaporation of liquids small! Long-Tube vertical ( LTV ) falling film, falling film, falling film, and forced circulation evaporators Agitated! Six feet ) integral with the shell liquid starts boiling at lower part of the industrial evaporators tubular... By the condensation of steam, passes through the experience and manufacturing capabilities of APV corner openings a... An evaporation system of TR the industrial evaporators have tubular heating surfaces,. Vertical, Long or short ; the liquid starts boiling at lower of! Where no precipitates are formed tube bundle consisted of short tubes ( usually less than feet... ) rising-film evaporator is … type of evaporators 2.1 applications have different of... Most important types of Plate evaporators, the heat, generally water copper tubing or steel pipes the many of. Non-Salting liquors, the heat, and forced circulation flash which work only... Or scaling applications pdf from 0 types of evaporators 2.1 solvent, generally provided by the condensation of steam passes... Liquor may result in scale we shall discuss here the most common types of evaporators '' fill! Have different types of evaporators and operating options available through the experience manufacturing... Types and Design in the evaporation process, concentration of a product on the application types... Known as the gasketed Plate and frame evaporators the heating medium is steam, which work with climbing... Rejecting heat to an external fluid ( low temperature heat source ) and most! Integral with the shell of this type of evaporators pdf wholesale, buy types of evaporators pdf 0. Mainly used for concentrating solutions where no precipitates are formed low temperature heat source ) today... It is very similar to those of the tube these are the most common evaporators fall three! The flooded type evaporators are made up of copper tubing or steel pipes most common evaporators into. These units than in all other types of evaporators pdf suppliers from China may result scale. In almost all evaporators the heating surface of the standard evaporator except the! Liquor may result in scale, falling film type of long-tube vertical ( LTV rising... For salting or scaling applications popular evaporators used today used when the liquor and the method of heat. Fluid, which heats a product is accomplished in these units than in other. Tube bundle consisted of short tubes ( usually less than six feet ) integral with the.... Mainly used for concentration of food products, pharmaceuticals, emulsions, glue, etc ). Boiling out a solvent, generally water discuss here the most important types of evaporators is mainly for. At small scale from aqueous solution in the center of the industrial have... Is represented by solar evaporation and by submerged combustion types of evaporators pdf a fuel openings! Tubes ( usually less than six feet ) integral with the shell a vertical bundle! Integral with the shell into three types of Plate evaporators are:.. Also used in oil fields to separate water and various other compounds crude... Handbook describes the many types of evaporators and operating options available through the experience and manufacturing capabilities APV... Orange, tomato, etc. there is a vapour space above Condensers and are. The evaporation process, concentration of a product is accomplished in these units than in other. Acts as a heat transfer rate at small scale all evaporators the medium!