Mount Parnitha is the tallest of the four mountains (1,413 m (4,636 ft)),[37] and has been declared a national park. Also in the Iliad, Zeus, the chief god, specifically assigns the sphere of war to Ares, the god of war, and Athena. The completed extension will be ready in 2022, connecting the biggest port of Greece, Piraeus Port, with the biggest airport of Greece the Athens International Airport. Athena’s moral and military superiority to Ares derives in part from the fact that she represents the intellectual and civilized side of war and the virtues of justice and skill, whereas Ares represents mere blood lust. I’ve put together a list of our favourite things to do in Athens, which includes archaeological sites, museums, beaches, shopping recommendations, unique tours, and what to see on day trips as well. "[38] A series of measures taken by the authorities of the city throughout the 1990s resulted in the improvement of air quality; the appearance of smog (or nefos as the Athenians used to call it) has become less common. For example, Kifissia and Glyfada serve as inter-municipal centres for northern and southern suburbs respectively. It is to be found between the Parliament and Zappeion buildings, the latter of which maintains its own garden of seven hectares. 11 août 2015 - Découvrez le tableau "Circuit Grèce" de Orcada Voyages sur Pinterest. In 1923, after the population exchange between Greece and Turkey, many ethnic Greeks from Asia Minor fled to Athens as a result of the Greco-Turkish War. By the mid-4th century BC, the northern Greek kingdom of Macedon was becoming dominant in Athenian affairs. Along with national institutions, such as the Athens University and the Archaeological Society, there are multiple archaeological Museums including the National Archaeological Museum, the Cycladic Museum, the Epigraphic Museum, the Byzantine & Christian Museum, as well as museums at the ancient Agora, Acropolis, Kerameikos, and the Kerameikos Archaeological Museum. "Indications of the Urban Heat Island in Athens, Greece". The network covers the majority of the Athens coastline. :: We Advertise you. Kassomenos P.A. The Italian Embassy in Vasilissis Sofias Avenue. [43] A 2019 crime index from Numbeo places Athens at 130th position, rating safer than Tampa, Florida or Dublin, Ireland. (2011). [140][141][142] Rafina and Lavrio act as alternative ports of Athens, connects the city with numerous Greek islands of the Aegean Sea, Evia and Cesme in Turkey,[143][144] while also serving the cruise ships that arrive. Located on Panepistimiou Street, the old campus of the University of Athens, the National Library, and the Athens Academy form the "Athens Trilogy" built in the mid-19th century. Top; Sights; Restaurants; Entertainment; Nightlife ; Shopping; Events; Information; Transportation; O. (2001). [86] There are also some inter-municipal centres serving specific areas. The Athens area encompasses a variety of terrain, notably hills and mountains rising around the city, and the capital is the only major city in Europe to be bisected by a mountain range. Her emergence there as city goddess, Athena Polias (“Athena, Guardian of the City”), accompanied the ancient city-state’s transition from monarchy to democracy. The municipality (City) of Athens is also the capital of the Attica region. Furthermore, some coastal areas of Athens, known as the Athens Riviera have a hot semi-arid climate (BSh) according to the climate atlas published by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service (H.N.M.S).[47]. Sparta’s view toward their women was more liberal than that of Athens. Later in the mid and late 19th century, Theophil Freiherr von Hansen and Ernst Ziller took part in the construction of many neoclassical buildings such as the Athens Academy and the Zappeion Hall. By this process Athens has engulfed many former suburbs and villages in Attica, and continues to do so. The line 1 (Green Line) serves 24 stations, and is the oldest line of the Athens metro network. Athens was voted as the third best European city to visit in 2015 by European Best Destination. She was particularly known as the patroness of spinning and weaving. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Advances in Building Energy Research, 5,1, 7–41", "ΕΡΓΟ ΑΝΑΒΑΘΜΙΣΗΣ ΔΙΥΛΙΣΤΗΡΙΟΥ ΕΛΕΥΣΙΝΑΣ", "European Space Agency ESA helps make summer in the city more bearable", "World Meteorological Organization's World Weather & Climate Extremes Archive", "Climatic Data for selected stations in Greece: Elliniko (Elliniko)", "Klimatafel von Athen Flughafen (Hellinikon) / Griechenland", "Climatic Data for selected stations in Greece: Athens Airport", https://twitter.com/EKMeteo/status/1348003628360073223, "Climate: Nea Filadelfia, Attiki (Greece)", "Cushman & Wakefield – Global real estate solutions – News & Events", "Olympic Games 2004: five major projects for Athens", "Eaxa :: Ενοποιηση Αρχαιολογικων Χωρων Αθηνασ Α.Ε", "Distance between Piraeus (Attiki) and Varkiza (Piraios Nomos) (Greece)", "Hellenikon Metropolitan Park Competition", "Europe | Greek forest fire close to Athens", "Distance between Athens, Greece and Piraeus, Greece", Concise Statistical Yearbook of Greece 2001 page 38, National Statistical Service of Greece, Monthly Statistical Bulletin Monthly Statistical Bulletin December 2012, Hellenic Statistical Authority, page 64, Statistical Yearbook of Greece 2001 page 72, National Statistical Service of Greece, "Greater Athens (Greece): Municipalities – Population Statistics, Charts and Map", "MASTER PLAN FOR ATHENS AND ATTICA 2021, pg 13, 24, 27, 33, 36, 89", "The growth of Greek cities in the first millennium BC", "ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΝΕΟΤΕΡΩΝ ΜΝΗΜΕΙΩΝ - Δημαρχείο Αθηνών", "Where is Atenas De San Cristobal in Atlántida, Honduras located? This idea later lost support from the IOC and these games were discontinued. They are often to be found in the same areas, as Athens is not marked by a uniformity of architectural style. Greek composers begin to write music using the tunes of the tango, waltz, swing, foxtrot, some times combined with melodies in the style of Athenian serenades' repertory. Its main section extends from the western industrial suburb of Elefsina to Athens International Airport; while two beltways, namely the Aigaleo Beltway (A65) and the Hymettus Beltway (A64) serve parts of western and eastern Athens respectively. In the northern suburb of Maroussi, the upgraded main Olympic Complex (known by its Greek acronym OAKA) dominates the skyline. Public transport is serviced by a variety of transportation means, forming the largest mass transit system of Greece. During the medieval period, the name of the city was rendered once again in the singular as Ἀθήνα. It is the largest container port in East Mediterranean Sea Basin. [22] In antiquity, it was debated whether Athens took its name from its patron goddess Athena (Attic Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnâ, Ionic Ἀθήνη, Athḗnē, and Doric Ἀθάνα, Athā́nā) or Athena took her name from the city. "On the characteristics of the summer urban heat island in Athens, Greece". [28] King Alphonse X of Castile gives the pseudo-etymology 'the one without death/ignorance'. Parts of the City Centre have been redeveloped under a masterplan called the Unification of Archeological Sites of Athens, which has also gathered funding from the EU to help enhance the project. [152][153] In addition to a large number of multiplexes, Athens plays host to open air garden cinemas. It employs a staff of 14,000.[136]. A symbol of being autochthon (earth-born), because the legendary founder of Athens, Erechtheus was an autochthon or of being musicians, because the cicada is a "musician" insect. The Presidential Mansion, formerly the Crown Prince Palace, in Herodou Attikou Street. 108–112. Theseus was responsible, according to the myth, for the synoikismos ("dwelling together")—the political unification of Attica under Athens. Athens has been a destination for travellers since antiquity. The route starts from the Temple of Olympian Zeus at Vasilissis Olgas Avenue, continues under the southern slopes of the Acropolis near Plaka, and finishes just beyond the Temple of Hephaestus in Thiseio. Athens Polytechnic uprising,[146] against the military junta that ruled the nation from 21 April 1967 until 23 July 1974. Written by. As an example, Ioannina receives around 1,300 mm (51 in) per year, and Agrinio around 800 mm (31 in) per year. The Athens Metropolitan Area consists of 58[17] densely populated municipalities, sprawling around the Municipality of Athens (the City Centre) in virtually all directions. [33] Unlike other Mycenaean centers, such as Mycenae and Pylos, it is not known whether Athens suffered destruction in about 1200 BC, an event often attributed to a Dorian invasion, and the Athenians always maintained that they were pure Ionians with no Dorian element. The Roman emperor Hadrian, in the 2nd century AD, ordered the construction of a library, a gymnasium, an aqueduct which is still in use, several temples and sanctuaries, a bridge and financed the completion of the Temple of Olympian Zeus. The line 2 (Red Line) runs from Anthoupoli station to Elliniko station and covers a distance of 17.5 km (10.9 mi). A series of anti-pollution measures taken by the city's authorities in the 1990s, combined with a substantial improvement of the city's infrastructure (including the Attiki Odos motorway, the expansion of the Athens Metro, and the new Athens International Airport), considerably alleviated pollution and transformed Athens into a much more functional city. Globalization and World Cities Research Network, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Names of European cities in different languages: A, Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport, List of twin towns and sister cities in Greece, New Athens Township, St. Clair County, Illinois, Athens Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania, Athens Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania, Athens University of Economics and Business, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center, The Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Centre, population exchange between Greece and Turkey, "Regions and Cities at a Glance 2018 – Greece", "Contents and Principles of the Programme of Unification of the Archaeological Sites of Athens", "Greece uncovers 'holy grail' of Greek archeology", "Port of the month: Piraeus Port Authority", "Population & housing census 2001 (incl. [128] The Athens Metro runs three metro lines, namely the line 1 (Green Line), line 2 (Red Line) and line 3 (Blue Line) lines, of which the first was constructed The only legal uber in Athens is taxi uber that uses regular taxis at regular taxi prices.Anything using a normal car is illegal apart from very few travel agency cars.Finding one is a challenge.They are rare We have used Uber and Beat many times in Greece and never had an issue, however, you should keep that in mind. Outside Crete, Athens, and the Ottoman-era Cretan Greek Muslims also speak the dialect. 209–218. Special prices for Schools,Universities,Clubs. The Maniot dialect belongs to the local area of Mani. Omissions? Athens is the financial capital of Greece. Athens’ hotel Semiramis is one of the best hotels in Athens for those looking for something a little different. Retrieved 2 June 2014. [29][page needed] In Ottoman Turkish, it was called آتينا Ātīnā,[30] and in modern Turkish, it is Atina. Athena was probably a pre-Hellenic goddess and was later taken over by the Greeks. Iron Age burials, in the Kerameikos and other locations, are often richly provided for and demonstrate that from 900 BC onwards Athens was one of the leading centres of trade and prosperity in the region. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state. Athens is the hub of the country's national railway system (OSE), connecting the capital with major cities across Greece and abroad (Istanbul, Sofia, Belgrade and Bucharest). ACHILLES Ἀχιλλεύς m Greek Mythology (Latinized), Ancient Greek (Latinized) From the Greek Ἀχιλλεύς (Achilleus), which is of unknown meaning, perhaps derived from Greek ἄχος (achos) meaning "pain" or else from the name of the Achelous River. She was essentially urban and civilized, the antithesis in many respects of Artemis, goddess of the outdoors. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Greek gods and goddesses could be many things, but they were never boring. Athena appears in Homer’s Odyssey as the tutelary deity of Odysseus, and myths from later sources portray her similarly as helper of Perseus and Heracles (Hercules). In earlier Greek, such as Homeric Greek, the name had been current in the singular form though, as Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē). it combines absolute luxury and impeccable Greek hospitality with a bold, vibrant decor. Localities with a great number of such buildings include Kolonaki, and some areas of the centre of the city; neighbourhoods developed in this period include Kypseli.[149]. The northern suburbs tend to be wetter and cooler in winter, whereas the southern suburbs are some of the driest locations in Greece and record very high minimum temperatures in summer. There is so much to see and do in Athens, Greece! In 2014, the airport handled 15,196,369 passengers, an increase of 21.2% over the previous year of 2013. "The impact of climate change and urban heat islands on the occurrence of extreme events in cities. [157] The Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center, inaugurated in 2016, will house the National Library of Greece and the Greek National Opera.[158]. According to data from 2014, Athens as a metropolitan economic area produced 130 billion US-dollars as GDP in PPP, which consists nearly a half of the production for the whole country. Most successful Greek club in European competitions (football and basketball), Earlier presence in A1 Ethniki basketball, Earlier presence in A1 Ethniki women basketball, Many Panhellenic titles in women Basketball, This page was last edited on 11 January 2021, at 13:07. The basin is bounded by four large mountains: Mount Aigaleo to the west, Mount Parnitha to the north, Mount Pentelicus to the northeast and Mount Hymettus to the east. The first King of Greece, Otto of Bavaria, commissioned the architects Stamatios Kleanthis and Eduard Schaubert to design a modern city plan fit for the capital of a state. In 2018, the airport handled 24,135,736 passengers, a huge increase over the last 4 years. Moral and physical interpretation is often intermingled.…. Today it is often simply called η πρωτεύουσα ī protévousa 'the capital'. [159] Greece's most notable, and internationally famous, composers of Greek song, mainly of the entechno form, are Manos Hadjidakis and Mikis Theodorakis. The Red Line has transfer connections with the Green Line 1 at Attiki and Omonia stations. The port of Piraeus, where big investments by COSCO have already been delivered during the recent decade, the completion of the new Cargo Centre in Thriasion,[119] the expansion of the Athens Metro and the Athens Tram, as well as the projected metropolitan park in Elliniko and other economic projects are the economic landmarks of the upcoming years. Athena’s association with the acropolises of various Greek cities probably stemmed from the location of the kings’ palaces there. These clubs also have basketball teams; Panathinaikos and Olympiacos are among the top powers in European basketball, having won the Euroleague six times and three respectively, whilst AEK Athens was the first Greek team to win a European trophy in any team sport. Classical Greek theatre was written and performed solely by men, including all the female parts and Choruses. [16] According to Eurostat[18] in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. The Athens city coastline, extending from the major commercial port of Piraeus to the southernmost suburb of Varkiza for some 25 km (20 mi),[76] is also connected to the City Centre by tram. According to their geographic location in relation to the City of Athens, the suburbs are divided into four zones; the northern suburbs (including Agios Stefanos, Dionysos, Ekali, Nea Erythraia, Kifissia, Kryoneri, Maroussi, Pefki, Lykovrysi, Metamorfosi, Nea Ionia, Nea Filadelfeia, Irakleio, Vrilissia, Melissia, Penteli, Chalandri, Agia Paraskevi, Gerakas, Pallini, Galatsi, Psychiko and Filothei); the southern suburbs (including Alimos, Nea Smyrni, Moschato, Tavros, Agios Ioannis Rentis, Kallithea, Piraeus, Agios Dimitrios, Palaio Faliro, Elliniko, Glyfada, Lagonisi, Saronida, Argyroupoli, Ilioupoli, Varkiza, Voula, Vari and Vouliagmeni); the eastern suburbs (including Zografou, Dafni, Vyronas, Kaisariani, Cholargos and Papagou); and the western suburbs (including Peristeri, Ilion, Egaleo, Koridallos, Agia Varvara, Keratsini, Perama, Nikaia, Drapetsona, Chaidari, Petroupoli, Agioi Anargyroi, Ano Liosia, Aspropyrgos, Eleusina, Acharnes and Kamatero). The seat of the university is located in the Western Sector of Athens where Ancient Athenian Philosophers gave academic lectures. Areas to Avoid and Other Warnings", "Worldwide Quality of Living ranking 2019", "Founda D. (2011). Her birth and her contest with Poseidon, the sea god, for the suzerainty of the city were depicted on the pediments of the Parthenon, and the great festival of the Panathenaea, in July, was a celebration of her birthday. There are overall ten state-supported Institutions of Higher (or Tertiary) education located in the Athens Urban Area, these are by chronological order: Athens School of Fine Arts (1837), National Technical University of Athens (1837), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (1837), Agricultural University of Athens (1920), Athens University of Economics and Business (1920), Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences (1927), University of Piraeus (1938), Harokopio University of Athens (1990), School of Pedagogical and Technological Education (2002), University of West Attica (2018). Greece attracted 26.5 million visitors in 2015, 30.1 million visitors in 2017 and over 33 million in 2018, making Greece one of the most visited countries in Europe and the world, and contributing 18% to the nation's Gross Domestic Product. Fencing before the king of Greece at the 1896 Summer Olympics. Athens has hosted the Summer Olympic Games twice, in 1896 and 2004. Enter your e-mail for NewsLetter :: Collaboration B2B. In January 2007, Athens faced a waste management problem when its landfill near Ano Liosia, an Athenian suburb, reached capacity. "Passive Cooling and Urban Layout". Mycenean Athens in 1600–1100 BC could have reached the size of Tiryns; that would put the population at the range of 10,000–15,000. In Homer’s Iliad, Athena, as a war goddess, inspires and fights alongside the Greek heroes; her aid is synonymous with military prowess. Athena became the goddess of crafts and skilled peacetime pursuits in general. Athens became the capital of Greece in 1834, following Nafplion, which was the provisional capital from 1829. The Athens Urban Area is considered to form the city of Athens as a whole, despite its administrative divisions, which is the largest in Greece and one of the most populated urban areas in Europe. The dominant feature of Athens' climate is alternation between prolonged hot and dry summers and mild winters with moderate rainfall. Athens and Piraeus municipalities serve as the two metropolitan centres of the Athens Metropolitan Area. Many of them are accredited by a foreign state or university such as the American College of Greece and the Athens Campus of the University of Indianapolis.[147]. [60][61][62][63][64] On the other hand, specific meteorological stations, such as the National Garden station and Thiseio meteorological station, are less affected or do not experience the urban heat island. By the end of Late Antiquity, Athens had shrunk due to sacks by the Herulians, Visigoths, and Early Slavs which caused massive destruction in the city. Other universities that lie within Athens are the Athens University of Economics and Business, the Panteion University, the Agricultural University of Athens and the University of Piraeus. The new port of Piraeus was a prototype harbour with the infrastructure and housing located in the site between modern passenger section of the port (named Kantharos in ancient times) and the Pasalimani harbour (named Zea in ancient times). Some of them are PAO Rouf (Rouf) with earlier presence in Gamma Ethniki, Petralona F.C. [129] The line connects the western suburbs of Athens with the southeast suburbs, passing through the center of Athens. With Greece in the middle of a coronavirus pandemic and having just successfully dealt with a major migration crisis asymmetrically launched by Turkey, anarcho-feminists have taken the opportunity under the cover of darkness on the lockdown quiet streets of Athens to vandalise a church for their political agenda. The games welcomed over 10,000 athletes from all 202 countries. For the town of ancient Pisidia, see, Capitals of European states and territories, Neighbourhoods of the Center of Athens (Municipality of Athens), Population of the Athens Metropolitan Area, S. Immerwahr, The Athenian Agora XIII: the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, Princeton 1971. Search. She was thought to have had neither consort nor offspring. The zoo is home to around 2000 animals representing 400 species, and is open 365 days a year. Santamouris M., Papanikolaou I., Livada I., Koronakis C., Georgakis C, Assimakopoulos D.N. Many of the southern suburbs (such as Alimos, Palaio Faliro, Elliniko, Glyfada, Voula, Vouliagmeni and Varkiza) known as the Athens Riviera, host a number of sandy beaches, most of which are operated by the Greek National Tourism Organisation and require an entrance fee. Answer 1 of 7: We plan of using the metro and was wondering if the metro stops are spelled in Greek and also in the english alphabet ? Discover the best entertainment in Athens, Greece including Greek National Opera, Megaron, Onassis Cultural Centre. Ziller also designed many private mansions in the centre of Athens which gradually became public, usually through donations, such as Schliemann's Iliou Melathron. [41], Athens ranks in the lowest percentage for the risk on frequency and severity of terrorist attacks according to the EU Global Terrorism Database (EIU 2007–2016 calculations). In 1458 it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and entered a long period of decline. During the 1920s a number of Greek refugees, expelled from Asia Minor after the Greco-Turkish War, swelled Athens's population; nevertheless it was most particularly following World War II, and from the 1950s and 1960s, that the population of the city exploded, and Athens experienced a gradual expansion. Quand partir ? Originally intended as an association of Greek city-states to continue the fight against the Persians, the league soon turned into a vehicle for Athens's own imperial ambitions. The length of Athens's commuter rail network extends to 120 km (75 mi),[131] and is expected to stretch to 281 km (175 mi) by 2010. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Athena-Greek-mythology, Roman and Greek Gods - Facts about Athena, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens - Faculty of History and Archaeology - Athena’s Peplos: Weaving as a Core Female Activity in Ancient and Modern Greece, Athena - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Athena - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). After the Fourth Crusade the Duchy of Athens was established. [163], The 2004 Games were judged a success, as both security and organization worked well, and only a few visitors reported minor problems mainly concerning accommodation issues. There was an alternative story that Zeus swallowed Metis, the goddess of counsel, while she was pregnant with Athena, so that Athena finally emerged from Zeus. This era employed materials such as the port of Piraeus, the latter which... Over a stalling in the northern suburb of Spata Panathinaikos, AEK Athens ] Athens an! ; Shopping ; events ; Information ; transportation ; O seven hectares parks, such as the port Piraeus. Defeated by its Greek acronym OAKA ) dominates the skyline à Athènes en 3 jours km ( mi! Microsoft, Novartis, Mondelez, Coca-Cola, etc Petralona F.C C, Assimakopoulos D.N Parthenon, on the of... Europe and one of the 2011 census, the antithesis in many respects of Artemis, goddess the. Panagiotis Kolkas and completed in 1840 and is open 365 days a year the Olympic. 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